Friday, March 16, 2018

GMO and the Date of No Human Alive

By Kyle J. Norton

Genetically modified food (GMF)/genetically modified organism (GMO) is responsible for infertility development may have a profound effect in increased risk infertility, scientists suggested.

The result was published on the research paper of the study conducted by the Lanzhou University.

Some researchers postulated that influx in worldwide infertility rates in Western world population may be a result of long term intake of genetically modified food.

Although, today, there has not been in justified whether the bad effects are directly resulted from products of genetic modifications or trans-genesis process, the potential risks associated with GMFs/GMOs on reproduction clearly were existed.

According to statistic, sperm counts among the world’s male population have declined as much as 40-50%, coincidentally to the height of GMO production in the world.

There must be a reason the EU government decided to ban the use of GMO products throughout Europe.

According to the study of genetically modified food (GMF)/genetically modified organism (GMO) is responsible for infertility development, GMFs/GMOs could be potential hazard on reproduction, linking to the development of infertility through influencing the endocrine metabolism, endometriosis.

Even some short term studies have suggested that little evidence shows the impact on embryo or reproductive related tumor GMO fed mice.

But according to the study of "mice fed GMO corn over a period of 20 weeks had greatly impaired fertility in compared to the control. Moreover,  the offspring produced by GMO fed mice also suffered from lower fertility rates.

Due to the limited literature, length of experiment and small sample size, respectable scientists indicated further research are necessary to validate the viability.

According to the report of Genetically Modified Foods from the American Academy of Environmental Medicine, suggested "physicians to educate their patients, the medical community, and the public to avoid GM foods when possible and provide educational materials concerning GM foods and health risks" and "For a moratorium on GM food, implementation of immediate long term independent safety testing, and labeling of GM foods, which is necessary for the health and safety of consumers"

Here are frequently asked questions on genetically modified foods prepared by WHO in response to questions and concerns from WHO Member State Governments with regard to the nature and safety of genetically modified food.
1. What are genetically modified (GM) organisms and GM foods?
2. Why are GM foods produced?
3. Is the safety of GM foods assessed differently from conventional foods?
4. How is a safety assessment of GM food conducted?
5. What are the main issues of concern for human health?
6. How is a risk assessment for the environment performed?
7. What are the issues of concern for the environment?
8. Are GM foods safe?
9. How are GM foods regulated nationally?
10.What kind of GM foods are on the market internationally?
11. What happens when GM foods are traded internationally?
12. Have GM products on the international market passed a safety assessment?
13. Why has there been concern about GM foods among some politicians, public interest groups and consumers?
14.What is the state of public debate on GMOs?
15. Are people’s reactions related to the different attitudes to food in various regions of the world?
16. Are there implications for the rights of farmers to own their crops?
17. Why are certain groups concerned about the growing influence of the chemical industry on agriculture?
18.What further developments can be expected in the area of GMOs?
19. What has WHO been doing to improve the evaluation of GM foods?
You can also get the answers from this page


References
(1) Hypothetical link between infertility and genetically modified food by Gao M, Li B, Yuan W, Zhao L, Zhang X1(PubMed)
(2) Research Indicates That GMO Could Be a Cause of Infertility by Hethir Rodriguez C.H., C.M.T.(Natural Fertility Pro)
4. Food safety, Frequently asked questions on genetically modified foods(WHO)

Sunday, March 17, 2013

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) studies

Health risk assessment of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) cultivated for food or feed is under debate throughout the world, and very little data have been published on mid- or long-term toxicological studies with mammals(1). Make sure you check the companies which provide the research objectively.

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) Debates
1. - The Institution of Responsible Technology Vs Academics Review (I) 
2. The Institution of Responsible Technology Vs Academics Review (II)
3. The Institution of Responsible Technology Vs Academics Review (III)
4.  The Institution of Responsible Technology Vs Academics Review (IV) 
5.  The Institution of Responsible Technology Vs Academics Review (V) 
6. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) - The Institution of Responsible Technology Vs Academics Review (VI) 
7 Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) - The Institution of Responsible Technology Vs Academics Review (VII) 
8. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) - The Institution of Responsible Technology Vs Academics Review (VIII)
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The concerns
1. GMOs benefits and potential risks

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The Con's
1. Hepatorenal toxicity
2. Roundup tolerant genetically modified plants and Liver cell 
3. Genetically modified (GM) maize adversed health effects
4. Genetically modified foods- a potetial health risk for children
5. Genetically modified (GM) maize and Intestinal and peripheral immune response
6. Genetically modified organisms and the making of making an informed choice
7. Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) in public attitudes
8. Genetically Modified food (GMF) and the unknown
9. Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs), GM NK603 and R are not safe?
10. Allergic risk of genetically modified soybean
11. Genetically modified maize (Bt maize) and Immune response
12. The potential health risk of children eating Genetically modified foods
13. The effects of Roundup Ready (RR)-soy on the birthrate and survival of the offspring of Wistar rat
14. Elicitation of expert judgments of uncertainty in the risk assessment of herbicide-tolerant oilseed crops
15. Farmer knowledge of genetically modified Roundup Ready wheat across the Canadian prairies
16. The current status and environmental impacts of glyphosate-resistant crops
17. GMOs and potential health risks
18. Regulation of GMOs in China
19. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) by sensible cooperation?
20. The definitional dysfunction of Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) 
21. Attitudes of the public and scientists to biotechnology in Japan 
22. Commercialized genetically modified (GM) maize (NK 603, MON 810, MON 863) and on mammalian health
23. The comparison of wild-type soybean extract (wt-SE) or with genetically modified soybean extract (gm-SE).
24. 176 Bt maize expresses Bt toxin at sub-lethal concentrations
25. Long term toxicity of a Roundup herbicide and a Roundup-tolerant genetically modified maize


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The Pro's
1. The Pro's GMOs research - GMO foods and crops may be an Africa's choice
2. Transgenic crops (soybean, corn, coton and rapeseed) offer benefits in terms of health, economy and environment
3. Chinese newspaper coverage of genetically modified organisms
4. Safety and nutritional value of maize grain from genetically modified Optimum GAT
5. Maize grain is as safe and as nutritious as non-GM maize grain
6. MON 810 vs. its non-transgenic counterpart
7. The human response to transgenic versus non-transgenic soya samples
8. GMOs - Comparison the wild-type and GM soybean extracts 
9. The immunogenicity of purified Cry1Ab without evidence of allergenic potential
10. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs): Negligible risks from GMOs due to horizontal gene transfer
11. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) : The immunogenicity of purified Cry1Ab without evidence of allergenic potential
12. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) : Evaluation of compositional equivalence for multitrait biotechnology crops
13. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs): less contamination
14. Bt maize did not cause the changes in the microbial populations of the soil or in the activity of the microbial community.
15. Effects of feeding Bt maize to sows during gestation and lactation on maternal and offspring


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The Food Safety
1. GMO's Safety: Principles for the risk assessment of genetically modified microorganisms in EU
2. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs): MON 810 maize and is a better alternative to conventional seed powder calibrants
3. GMOs' in directly involved in metabolism and cellular development or have roles as toxins, antinutrients, or allergens
4. Not for food GM animals may be potentially contaminate the food chain
5. GM Maize
6. Challenges in testing genetically modified crops for potential increases in endogenous allergen expression for safety
7. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) - Mice fed on a diet enriched with genetically engineered multivitamin corn
8. The genetically modified drought-resistant wheat T349
9. Safety evaluation of genetically modified mustard (V4) seeds in comparison with native crop
10. Compositional and toxicological analysis of a GM potato line with reduced α-solanine content- Difference but safe
11. Potential allergenicity research of Cry1C protein from genetically modified rice
12. Bt-maize event MON 88017 expressing Cry3Bb1 does not cause harm to non-target organisms
13. Nutritional components and sub-chronic toxicity of genetically modified rice expressing human lactoferrin
14. Do genetically modified crops affect animal reproduction?
15. GMOs: The allergenic potential of six genes 
16. Allergenicity assessment of Allium sativum leaf agglutinin
17. Safety levels of herbicide residues in GM foods
18. Endogenous allergen upregulation: transgenic vs. traditionally bred crops
19. Labeling of food containing genetically modified organisms
20. GMOs - Consumers' attitudes towards GM Free products in a European Region
21. Consumers' perceptions and institutional awareness and trust toward GM banana regulation in Uganda
22. Analysis of caecal microbiota in rats fed with genetically modified rice
23. Feral genetically modified herbicide tolerant oilseed rape from seed import spills
23. Effects of genetically modified T2A-1 rice on faecal microflora of rats
24. The main nutrients digestibility of genetically modified rice and parental rice
25. GMOs - Effects of genetically modified T2A-1 rice on faecal microflora of rats
26. Insect-resistant genetically modified rice in China
27. Subchronic toxicity test of genetically modified rice
28. Risk assessment of genetically modified lactic acid bacteria using the concept of substantial equivalence
29. Comparative research on digestibility of lysine-rich genetically modified rice and its parental rice in Wuzhishan mini-pig
30. Nitroreductase-mediated gonadal dysgenesis for infertility control of genetically modified zebrafish
31. Contamination with genetically modified maize MON863 of processed foods on the market
32. Medical and biological safety assessment of genetically modified maize event MIR604
33. Facts and fiction of genetically engineered food
34. Safety assessment and detection method of genetically modified Chinese Kale
35. GMOs and Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) 
36. GMOs- Genetically modified soybeans in F344 rats
37. Composition and safety analysis of Chinese traditional fermented soybean paste made by transgenic soybean
38. Rats fed grain from corn rootworm-protected, glyphosate-tolerant MON 88017 corn
39. Allergenicity assessment of genetically modified crops
40. An Asian perspective on GMO and biotechnology issues
41. Human health problems associated with current agricultural food production
42. Genetically Engineered Plants and Foods(I)
43. Safety assessment of food products from r-DNA animals
44. Is biotechnology a victim of anti-science bias in scientific journals?
45. Allergic risk and role of the Allergy Vigilance Network
46. Comparative physicochemical properties and structure of rice containing the sck+cryIAc genes and its nontransgenic counterpart
47. Metabolism of hpt gene in transgenic rice modified with cowpea trypsin inhibitor gene in rats
48. Toxicological safety assessment of genetically modified Bacillus thuringiensis
49. Regulating innovative crop technologies in Canada
50. Toxicity studies of genetically modified plants
51. Strategies to evaluate the safety of bioengineered foods
52. A 52-week feeding study of genetically modified soybeans
53. Nutritional and safety assessments of foods and feeds nutritionally improved through biotechnology
54. Genetically modified crops: promises and good intentions are not enough
55. Relationship of genetically modified crops with the environment and health 
56. Safety assessment of genetically modified organisms of plant origin in the Russian Federation
57. The politics and science behind GMO
58. Identification of potentially emerging food safety issues by analysis of reports published by RASFF 
59. Development of agribiotechnology and biosafety regulations used to assess safety of genetically modified crops 
60. Reclassify allergenic food allergens into alimentary canal-sensitized (ACS) and non-alimentary canal-sensitized (NACS) allergens
61. Biofortification in China: policy and practice
62. Altered pesticide use on transgenic crops and the associated general impact from an environment
63. Comparative safety testing of genetically modified foods in a 90-day rat feeding study 
64. Supervision of genetically modified foods by the international community
65. Safety of virus-resistant transgenic plants two decades after their introduction
66. Mild iodine deficiency in pregnancy in Europe and its consequences for cognitive and psychomotor development of children
67. Genetically modified organisms: European and Italian legislation to protect citizens' health
68. Exploring the structure of attitudes toward genetically modified food
69. Effects of feeding calves genetically modified corn bt11
70. A 90-day safety study in Wistar rats fed genetically modified rice expressing snowdrop lectin Galanthus nivalis (GNA)
71. Genetically modified rice expressing Cry1Ab protein (Bacillus thuringiensis toxin) in Wistar rats

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Conflict studies and evidences
A. GMO's and pregnancy and offspring
1. Effects of feeding Bt maize to sows during gestation and lactation on maternal and offspring
2.Effects of feeding Bt MON810 maize to sows during first gestation and lactation on maternal and offspring
3. Effect of genetically modified plants on the development of rat progeny
4. Pregnancy-associated homeostasis and dysregulation: lessons from genetically modified animal models
5. Effects of cloned-cattle meat diet on reproductive parameters in pregnant rabbits
6. Risk assessment of meat and milk from cloned animals
7. Long-term on female mice fed on a genetically modified soybean
8. Reversibility of hepatocyte nuclear modifications in mice fed on genetically modified soybean

B. GMO's and Allergen
1. Environmental effects on allergen levels in commercially grown non-genetically modified soybeans
2. Assessment of allergenicity of genetically modified food crops
3. Genetically modified and wild soybeans
4. Protein and allergen content of commercial skin test extracts for soybeans
5. Dietary iron intake, body iron stores, and the risk of type 2 diabetes
6. Quality of Life Programme--food, nutrition, and health--projects promotion
7. Allergy assessment of foods or ingredients derived from biotechnology, gene-modified organisms, or novel foods
8. Allergenic potential of novel foods
9. Will genetically modified foods be allergenic?

C. GMO's and health risk assessment
1. Elicitation of expert judgments of uncertainty in the risk assessment of herbicide-tolerant oilseed crops
2. The identified unintended dispersal and persistence of GM OSR 
3. Controversial issue in biotechnology--students' opinions
4. Knowledge, attitudes towards and acceptability of genetic modification in Germany
5. The lack of information on genetically modified organisms
6. Public health issues related with the consumption of food obtained from genetically modified organisms
7. Trust, confidence, procedural fairness, outcome fairness, moral conviction, and the acceptance of GM field experiments
8. The role of similarity cues in the development of trust in sources of information about GM food
9. Trust in risk regulation: cause or consequence of the acceptability of GM food
10. An empirical test of competing theories of hazard-related trust: the case of GM food

D. GMO's Detection
1. New approaches in GMO detection
2. Broad GMO screening with microarrays
3. A qualitative, multiplex real-time PCR kit for screening of genetically modified organisms (GMOs)
4. New trends in bioanalytical tools for the detection of genetically modified organisms
5. Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) affinity biosensor for genetically modified organisms (GMOs) detection
6. European Union database of reference methods for GMO analysis
7. GMOs - Relative quantification in seed GMO analysis
8. How to deal with the upcoming challenges in GMO detection in food and feed

E. GMO's Health Risk
1. A comparison of the effects of three GM corn varieties on mammalian health
2. How subchronic and chronic health effects can be neglected for GMOs, pesticides or chemicals
3. Effect of Bt-176 maize pollen on first instar larvae of the Peacock butterfly (Inachis io) (Lepidoptera; Nymphalidae)
4. Absence of toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis pollen to black swallowtails under field conditions
5. Impact of Cry3Bb1-expressing Bt maize on adults of the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera
6.  An animal welfare perspective on animal testing of GMO crops
7. Multigeneration reproductive and developmental toxicity study of bar gene inserted into genetically modified potato on rats
8. Long term toxicity of a Roundup herbicide and a Roundup-tolerant genetically modified maize

F. The Worries
1. How subchronic and chronic health effects can be neglected for GMOs, pesticides or chemicals
2. Elicitation of expert judgments of uncertainty in the risk assessment of herbicide-tolerant oilseed crops
3. Potential damage of GM crops to the country image of the producing country
4. Nonadverse effects on allergenicity of isopentenyltransferase-transformed broccoli
5. Allergenicity assessment of transgenic mustard (Brassica juncea) expressing bacterial codA gene
6. IgE binding to proteins from sesame and assessment of allergenicity
7. The role of scientific knowledge in shaping public attitudes to GM technologies
8. The role of risk assessments in the governance of genetically modified organisms in agriculture
9. Environmental risks of chemicals and genetically modified organisms: Part I



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